Artificial Intelligence and Algorithmic Bias: New Forms of Discrimination against People with Disabilities
Keywords:
Artificial intelligence, People with disabilities, Algorithmic discriminationAbstract
This paper aims to understand how algorithms based on Artificial Intelligence can be unfair to people with disabilities and indicate possible strategies to combat this new type of discrimination, born in the digital era. There is no doubt that technologies that use AI can highly benefit people with disabilities through the pursuit of inclusive equality in many fields. On the other hand, there are countless discriminatory effects for this population that can emerge from this, specially with regard to algorithm discrimination. This paper presents, as possible strategies to face the problem: (i) a discursive and normative effort to apply anti-discriminatory standards, with emphasis on the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities and the Statute of Persons with Disabilities (Law 13.146/2015), to situations involving people with disabilities; (ii) the rigor in the application of data protection standards to the processing of information relating to this group; and (iii) the adoption of affirmative measures that guarantee the representative participation of people with disabilities among developers and supervisory authorities in matter of AI regulation.
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